Educational information only, not a diagnosis. Know when to get help.
For most men the workup is short and simple: a conversation, an examination, and a urine test. Mayo Clinic notes that a physical exam and simple blood or urine tests are often all that's needed [Mayo Clinic].
History and examination
Expect questions about when you noticed it, how often, sexual activity, medicines and recent procedures [Cleveland Clinic]. The exam usually includes checking your blood pressure, examining the genitals and testicles, and often a digital rectal exam (a gloved finger to feel the prostate), especially if you're 40 or older [RACGP] [review].

Common first tests
| Test | What it looks for |
|---|---|
| Urinalysis and urine culture | Infection and blood in the urine [AAFP]. |
| STI testing (often a urine sample) | Chlamydia, gonorrhea and others [RACGP]. |
| PSA blood test | Usually for men 40+, or with risk factors or an abnormal prostate exam [RACGP] [StatPearls]. |
| Blood count and clotting tests | Bleeding disorders, especially if bleeding persists [RACGP] [NICE]. |

Specialist tests
If it persists, recurs, or you're over 40 with no cause found, a urologist may arrange [AAFP] [MSD] [review]:
- Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to look at the prostate and seminal vesicles.
- MRI of the prostate and pelvis.
- Cystoscopy, a thin camera passed into the urethra and bladder, particularly if there's blood in the urine.
- Scrotal ultrasound if a testicular problem is suspected.
- Semen analysis, occasionally, for example when travel history suggests schistosomiasis [MSD].
Sources
- Blood in semen: when to see a doctor Mayo Clinic
- Blood in Semen (Hematospermia) Cleveland Clinic Health Library, reviewed Jan 2024
- Haematospermia Australian Family Physician (RACGP), Dec 2015
- Hematospermia: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment Review article, PubMed Central (PMC5904639)
- Evaluation and Treatment of Hematospermia American Family Physician, 2009;80(12):1421-1427
- Prostate Cancer Screening StatPearls, NCBI Bookshelf (NBK556081)
- Haematospermia: management NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries
- Hematospermia MSD Manual Professional Edition
We link to primary medical sources so you can check our work. See the editorial policy and the full reference list.
